A wedding celebration in a Polish village in 1920. [3] However, the agreement was short-lived. However, with the use of crossbows and heavy armor, the Teutonic Knights forced Swietopelk IIs besieging army to retreat to their boats on the Vistula River. In 1237, a Mongol army burned Moscow to the ground. Swietopelk II initially made peace with the Teutonic Order, but struck them again in 1244 at the Battle of Rensen. Jogaila started limiting Fdor's sovereignty in Volhynia. By 1264, the situation look bleak for the Teutonic Knights in Prussia. Angered by Swietopelk IIs alliance with Prussian pagans, William of Modena called for a crusade against the Duchy of Pomerania. The Chronicle of Prussia, for example, is filled with stories of heroes and villains who made their mark during the Prussian uprisings. It now became the intention of Hindenburg and Ludendorff to try to tie down as much of the Russian strength as possible, thus allowing the k.u.k. This will also allow our fans to get more involved in what content we do produce. Battle of the Vistula (1341) - YouTube 0:00 / 8:26 Sign in to confirm your age This video may be inappropriate for some users. [6] Casimir awarded his allies: Yuri, son of Karijotas, received Chem, his brother Alexander received Volodymyr, and Yuri, son of Narimantas, continued to rule Belz. Polands seizure of Kyiv was a gift for Russia's new communist rulers. The Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty in China and Mongolia was replaced by the non-Mongol Han Ming Dynasty in 1368. Army would extend its northern flank north of the Vistula, and the German Ninth Army would then take up positions alongside." In the midst of worries about the Wuhan coronavirus, it is worth remembering that the scholarly consensus has long been that the Black Plague reached the Mediterranean in 1347 because of the Mongol invasion of Crimea. However, Hindenburg continued to push the offensive against Warsaw. Over the corpse of white Poland lies the road to global conflagration. The castle acted as the final stronghold of the Great Prussian Uprising, and its capture brought about its swift end. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Kruchkov sprang towards him at a gallop. [4] On this day, pilgrimages from all corners of Poland reach the sanctuary at Jasna Gra in Czstochowa. Future French President Charles de Gaulle, who served as a military adviser during the war, wrote on August 17: "Our Poles have grown wings. Commander-in-chief Nikolai Ruzsky. [1]: Jack Weatherford, Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2004): 135. North of them was the Ninth Army with the XVI, Grenadier, and III Caucasian Corps. Between 40,000 and 60,000 Hungarian, Croatian, and Austrian soldiers died in the battle [4]. Following the Orders disastrous defeat at the Battle on the Ice, Prussian tribesmen, backed by both Pomeranian Christians, and Lithuanian pagans, launched a series of rebellions which nearly broke the Teutonic Orders grasp on the Baltic and left an indelible mark on the knight brothers psyche. On Aug. 13, 1920, the Soviets attacked Warsaw. 37th Honved Infantry Division & 106th Austrian Landstrum Division, 100th Hungarian, 101st Hungarian & 110th Hungarian Landstrum Brigades (mid-Oct: 110th Landsturm Brigade transferred to 4th Army). Booty was the primary object of this invasion, but it was also part of a plan to punish Poland for giving shelter to Prince Daniel of Galicia-Volhynia (modern-day Ukraine, Poland, Belarus, and Slovakia), who had declared independence from the Golden Horde in 1253. The castle acted as the final stronghold of the Great Prussian Uprising, and its capture brought about its swift end. The battle of the Vistula River (28 September-30 October 1914) was a German invasion of Poland launched to relieve the pressure on Austro-Hungary in the aftermath of the Russian victories during the battles of Lemberg. But the Bolshevik dream of spreading violent communist revolutions to Western Europe was never realized. With a length of 651 miles (1,047 kilometres) and a drainage basin of some 75,100 square miles (194,500 square kilometres), it is a waterway of great importance to the nations of eastern Europe; more than 85 percent of the river's drainage basin, however, lies in Polish territory. As in the second invasion, its purpose was to loot Lesser Poland, and to prevent Duke Leszek II the Black from interfering in Hungarian and Ruthenian affairs. The princes of Poland answered, eager to throw Swietopelk II out of the Vistula River and draw concessions out of Master von Grningen of the Teutonic Order. These raids did not capture territory, but kept pressure on the Prussians; one such raid resulted in Hermann Balk hanging a Prussian leader on a sacred tree. This was the first of a series of attempts by the Germans to capture Warsaw. After four weeks he reached an agreement with local nobles and their leader Dmytro Dedko: in return for their services, local nobles would enjoy protection from the Polish king. Monte and his companions tried to avoid capture, but the Knights caught the infamous pagan leader alone while his followers were out on the hunt. The Vistula rises at Barania Gra in the south of Poland, 1,220 meters (4,000 ft) above sea level in the Silesian Beskids (western part of Carpathian Mountains ), where it begins with the Little White Vistula ( Biaa Wiseka) and the Black Little Vistula ( Czarna Wiseka ). (The Vienna-Warsaw line was already European gauge.) Within days of Yuri Boleslav's murder, Casimir III of Poland invaded the kingdom to save Polish merchants and Catholic residents from attacks in Lviv. After the battle, Colonel General Hindenburg was appointed commander of the whole Eastern front. The weather favored the Teutonic Knights once again as the winds blew their ships directly towards the Prussian bridge, allowing them to destroy it. Battle of Warsaw is a high-octane, action-packed account of one of the most important events in Europe's history - Poland's victorious battle against Soviet Russia. Both groups were screened by the Cavalry divisions of the Corps Nowikow. If you want to stay up to date with all cultural and historical events in #Poland, make sure you SIGN-UP to our weekly English-language newsletter! He then paid for a fort in the region, named Knigsberg in his honor. In what would be called the Prussian uprisings, the pagan tribes succeeded in destroying all but three of the Teutonic Orders strongholds and almost reversed all of the knights gains in the region. One Polish soldier summed up the reversal of fortunes: "We ran all the way to Kyiv and we ran all the way back.". In early October, the Army was reinforced by the 35th Reserve Division from East Prussia. Army) at Radom, as well as the group General Delsalle, consisting of the Guard Rifle Brigade, 2nd Rifle Brigade and 80. With these large crusading armies, and the help of a Prussian defector, the Teutonic Knights first attacked the neighboring Pomesanian tribe, captured their king, and reclaimed Thron and Kulm in 1232. In 1274, the Teutonic Order marched into Pogesanian territory and seized the castle at Heilssberg. Century Foundation. Vistula River, Polish Wisa, largest river of Poland and of the drainage basin of the Baltic Sea. They did the same many times, especially during the subsequent lengthy wars against the Ottoman Turks. information concerning details of the fightingsat Vistula river and was able to name two Ruthenian barons who incited the Tatar emperor to invasion. The crusaders under von Reider arrived in 1261, and and initially had a successful campaign in Natangia, plundering and burning, killing and taking prisoners, according to von Jeroschin. The king defeated the Cumans at Lake Hod in 1282, but the survivors fled into the lands of the Golden Horde, where they then persuaded Nogai Khan to invade Hungary. Left-wing militants in Germany's Ruhr region in the spring of 1920. With Polish help, the Teutonic Order forced the Prussians to negotiate a truce, mediated by Jacques Pantaleon. Rumors of divine intervention in the unlikely victory led many to call the battle The Miracle On The Vistula -- named for the river that runs through Warsaw. Siberian Corps (13th & 14th Siberian Rifle Divisions) late Sept: the divisions arrived in the Warsaw area from the interior and initially operated independently; by mid-Oct they were controlled by VI Siberian Corps staff. To do so, he needed to cut Knigsbergs seaport. The author of the De coronatione Kazimiri was therefore well informed about the Tatar raid of 1340/1341. Also, during the 1240s, Hungary had increased its number of baronies. The Russian Third and Eighth armies would remain in Galicia. When the crusading nobility returned home, the Order secured the region through the building of castles and forts alongside smaller reisen of their own. a change on the Polish-French side. The Battle of Rensen nearly cost the Teutonic Order the castle of Kulm. Before 1242, the Teutonic Order was a rising power in the Baltic. The troop movements involved both the Southwest Front commanded by Nikolai Ivanov and the Northwest Front under Nikolai Ruzsky. It already had mauled two Russian armies at Tannenberg and at the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes. Yes, Raciecki.' One fighter described the sense of vulnerability on the rapidly shifting battlefields: "One had to expect an attack from any [direction] and in consequence the fighting was bloodthirsty as you either won or you perished. In the World War cavalry was placed in the background, but only two years later it came back into its own and the opinion, that no more cavalry battles would be fought after the World War, was nullified. Hindenburg reached the Vistula River by 9 October and was only 19km (12mi) away from Warsaw. The garrison of 53 Teutonic Knights and their followers initially negotiated their peaceful surrender, but as soon as they laid down their arms, the Prussians immediately began killing and torturing their captives. The Imperial Russian Army defeated the Central Powers ' attempt to capture the Polish capital of Warsaw, halting their advance into Congress Poland after several previous reversals. The impetus for the military action was the ongoing retreat of the German forces from Poland, followed by the appearance of the Soviet Red Army along the east bank of the Vistula River. While the victories of the Hungarians and Poles in the 13th century did not stop the growth of Mongol power in Eastern Europe, they did check Mongol expansion into Central Europe. The various battles that made up the Battle of Warsaw took place from Aug. 12-25, 1920, but the key turning point came on Aug. 15. The plan, devised by Nogai Khan, was similar to the one from 1259. 5 Historiography. Only small Russian pockets remained on the west bank; they were excellent targets for the German artillery. Liubartas died ca. The Germans claimed that they deliberately allowed the Russians to cross, then intending to engulf them. The Polish advance on Kyiv had given the Russian communists exactly the pretext they needed. [14] In fact the Austro-Hungarians did properly inform their allies [15], According to Buttar, "Both the German and the Austro-Hungarian commanders attempted to emphasise that they had been forced to retreat because their allies had not delivered what was required. The new Army Group Center lost the Ninth Army to Army Group Vistula. Captain Raciecki (the best swordsman in the regiment) passed his sword to his left hand to make the sign of the cross with his right and then began to move towards Kruchkov at a walk. The Mongol Empire and its derivative kingdoms were, themselves, considered plagues at the time. Explosives were cached at road and railway bridges so they could be destroyed if necessary. Encountering little resistance, they captured the outer suburbs in the southeast and northwest of the city. Russian soldiers crossing the Vistula River in 1914. Finally, the Prussian uprisings played a vital role in establishing the Teutonic Knights ideology and mythos. A frustrated Monte decided to storm the castle, but this decision only won him a grievous wound that prevented him from continuing his command. Raciecki parried the first cut, aimed at his head, himself slashing fiercely to the right and down, cutting Kruchkov open from the collar to the waist. Polish troops being transported to the front line in boxcars. Our website, podcast and Youtube page offers news and resources about the Middle Ages. These militias were tough and durable, and one from Sros County defeated Nogais troops and sent many severed heads to King Ladislaus. Top Image: Tannhuser in the habit of the Teutonic Knights, from the Codex Manesse, early 14th century. The German troops lost 571 men - Austrian casualties are not known. Initially, the Prussians planned on blockading Knigsberg with a navy, but the knights sent a saboteur to drill holes in the Prussian ships. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Corps (37th & 41st Infantry Divisions; mid-Oct: reinforced with Austrian 3rd Cavalry Division)), Landwehr Corps "Woyrsch" (3rd & 4th Landwehr Infantry Divisions), Combined Corps "Frommel" (8th Cavalry Division, 35th Reserve Division, Landwehr Division "Bredow", 21st Landwehr Brigade; mid-Oct: reinforced with Austrian 7th Cavalry Division), Landsturm Brigades Rintelen, Hoffman & Westernhagen, I. The Prussian freedom fighter was dead. Unfortunately for Christian, persuading German and Polish nobles to permanently occupy newly conquered territory, instead of returning home, proved to be a far more difficult task than organizing a crusade. On 25 October, the Russians advanced. In the country's west, no clear border divided the land held by Russia and by newly independent Poland. On 3 October, the 3rd and 7th Austrian Cavalry Divisions engaged the Russian Guard cavalry Brigade, supported by Infantry from the 80. On our bayonets we will bring happiness and peace to the toiling masses of mankind.". The few Russian bridgeheads on the west bank were invested. The Teutonic Knights immediately hanged him from a tree, while running him through with a sword. While the Teutonic knights never faced such a challenge before, the Prussian uprisings were part of a long tradition for their pagan opponents. After that, Central Europe was spared Mongol wrath until 1285. The battle, fought between August . The Russian Fourth Army was deployed with its XIV, XVII and Guards Corps along the lower San and Vistula. [3][4] Yuri Boleslav did not have an heir and his death upset fragile power balance in the region. [7], The Austro-Hungarian First Army, which was taking over the German right flank, was unable to defend the crossings over the Vistula. [6] However, already in 1353, Liubartas attacked again. Another truce, rather favorable to the Lithuanians, was signed in fall 1352: Lubartas received not only Volhynia and Podolia, but also Belz and Chem. This battle holds significance in Nicolaus von Jeroschins chronicle as it is the site where the Teutonic Order miraculously find the head of St. Barbara (3rd-4th century), a revered figure of the Teutonic Order. Their wives and children were taken prisoner in scenes of great wretchedness, and kept as slaves in perpetual captivity. When Nogai and Talabuga invaded Poland a third time in late 1287, they were defeated by a combined Polish-Hungarian force led by Duke Leszek. The Battle of Warsaw Though war between Poland and Russia officially broke out in February 1919, most of the major fighting took place in 1920, after Jzef Pisudski formed an alliance with the exiled Ukrainian leader Symon Petlyura and their combined forces began to push into Belarus and Ukraine, even liberating Kiev in May. Product details On July 3, Red Army troops were told: "In the West the fate of world revolution is being decided. They portrayed the withdrawal as a strategic maneuver, and had succeeded in blocking an enemy advance into Germany for weeks, while their army was trying to win on the Western Front. In order to assist Casimir, a Hungarian contingent commanded by William Drugeth entered the Ruthenian border and fought against the Mongols. The horsemen from Central Asia invaded at a time when the formerly great state of Kievan Rus was fractured. On 30 September, the Germans reached Przedbrz, and Radom five days later. With victory in the Russian Civil War looking assured for Lenin's forces, the Bolsheviks were plotting the spread of the "revolutionary fires" of communism to Western Europe, particularly to Germany. The Battle of the Vistula River was a battle fought on the Eastern Front of World War I from 29 September to 31 October 1914. 3): Issue 105: Valentine's Day. [17] Now Russian troops had beaten both Germans and the Austro-Hungarians. Subutai Khan surprised the Hungarians by using catapults to launch not only stones but ordinance that was new to Europeans: balls of flaming tar and Chinese exploding shells. Some of these stories are about military matters, but others are about the psychological trauma of the events; and oftentimes these events are interwoven. The Teutonic Order encouraged German immigration through economic incentives such as free land, and by offering trading privileges to merchants. In less than 30 years, the Teutonic Knights had conquered all of Prussia, but The Great Prussian Uprising of 1260 illustrated that their conquests were not yet secure. [7], The Germans calculated that until extensive repairs were finished the furthest the Russians could advance over the devastated countryside was 120km (75mi), so they would have some weeks respite before the Russians could invade Silesia, but they had been forced back. Commander-in-chief Nikolai Ruzsky. General Nikolai Ruzsky, commander of the Russian Northwest Front, brought up significant reinforcement against the Ninth Army. Polish dukes and kings sent both missionaries and soldiers to Prussia as early as 997 to expand their domain. It became known as the Miracle of the Vistula, and the . This page was last edited on 25 January 2023, at 15:59. A peace treaty was eventually signed between Poland and Russia in early 1921, though many saw this as only a pause in the long struggle between the two countries. Corps (26th & 43rd Infantry Divisions) transferred 3 Oct from 1st Army, I. Siberian Corps (1st & 2nd Siberian Rifle Divisions) Arrived in Warsaw 27 September October 1 from the interior, II. The Prussians were a Baltic people comprised of multiple tribes such as the Sambia, and the Natangia. "[7], Russian North-Western Front. In 1262 the counts of Jlich and Mark relieved the Teutonic Orders garrison in Knigsberg and reportedly killed 3,000 Sambian warriors with the help of a Christian Prussian scout. [6] After the campaign did not achieve the desired results, Casimir contemplated an alliance with the Lithuanians. Army with the Lithuanians Northwest Front under Nikolai Ruzsky Aug. 13, 1920, the Teutonic Knights never such... Of mankind. `` from Warsaw and III Caucasian Corps the title the horsemen from Asia. Prussian pagans, William of Modena called for a fort in the Battle [ 4 ] this... ) away from Warsaw Prussia, for example, is filled with of. Cut Knigsbergs seaport, 1920, the Soviets attacked Warsaw the Sambia, Radom... Army was reinforced by the non-Mongol Han Ming Dynasty in 1368 reached Przedbrz, and III Caucasian Corps the... Was the first of a series of attempts by the non-Mongol Han Ming Dynasty in...., during the Prussian uprisings were part of a series of attempts by the 35th Division. Was appointed commander of the Teutonic Order the castle at Heilssberg this will also allow our fans to get involved... Largest River of Poland reach the sanctuary at Jasna Gra in Czstochowa 3 ): Issue 105: 's... Khan, was similar to the Front line in boxcars toiling masses of mankind. `` had mauled two armies... The pretext they needed the Duchy of Pomerania in his honor bridges so they could destroyed. Remain in Galicia as 997 to expand their domain able to name two Ruthenian barons who incited the raid! Missionaries and soldiers to Prussia as early as 997 to expand their domain Baltic Sea encountering little,. To cut Knigsbergs seaport and peace to the ground a gift for Russia 's communist... Into Pogesanian territory and seized the castle of Kulm by William Drugeth entered the Ruthenian and. Destroyed if necessary Poland reach the sanctuary at Jasna Gra in Czstochowa Image: Tannhuser in Battle... Long tradition for their pagan opponents a crusade against the Ninth Army to Army Group Center lost the Army. And Radom five days later the 3rd and 7th Austrian Cavalry divisions engaged the Russian Cavalry... Prussians were a Baltic people comprised of multiple tribes such as the final stronghold of the Corps Nowikow rulers... Prussians to negotiate a truce, mediated by Jacques Pantaleon lower San and Vistula the of! Had mauled two Russian armies at Tannenberg and at the time the Middle Ages time when the formerly state. Series of attempts by the non-Mongol Han Ming Dynasty in China and Mongolia replaced... Germans reached Przedbrz, and Austrian soldiers died in the region help, the Teutonic Knights Prussia! The city at 15:59 was fractured pagan opponents ] Yuri Boleslav did not achieve the desired results Casimir! Prussian Uprising, and Austrian soldiers died in the region seized the castle at Heilssberg Issue. Encouraged German immigration through economic incentives such as the Sambia, and the the horsemen from Central Asia invaded a. 3 ] [ 4 ] on this day, pilgrimages from all corners of Poland reach the at... The city the Northwest Front, brought up significant reinforcement against the of... Prussia, for example, is filled with stories of heroes and villains who made their during! Casualties are not known the Chronicle of Prussia, for example, is filled with stories of heroes and who. A fort in the Baltic [ 6 ] after the campaign did not achieve the desired,! Center lost the Ninth Army with the Teutonic Order marched into Pogesanian territory and seized the at! Author of the whole Eastern Front and Eighth armies would remain in Galicia such as free land and... So, he needed to cut Knigsbergs seaport wrath until 1285: Issue:! So they could be destroyed if necessary to Army Group Vistula running him through with a sword dukes. Nogais troops and sent many severed heads to King Ladislaus Germans claimed that they allowed. Was appointed commander of the Russian Northwest Front, brought up significant reinforcement the! To King Ladislaus days later was replaced by the 35th Reserve Division from East Prussia was able to name Ruthenian! Heroes and villains who made their mark during the subsequent lengthy wars against Ottoman! And was only 19km ( 12mi ) away from Warsaw Polish Wisa, largest River of Poland reach the at... The whole Eastern Front 12mi ) away from Warsaw was appointed commander of the city its XIV, XVII Guards! Subsequent lengthy wars against the Ottoman Turks by the Cavalry divisions engaged the Russian Northwest Front, brought significant! Did the same many times, especially during the subsequent lengthy wars against the Duchy of Pomerania by! Well informed about the Tatar emperor to invasion battle of the vistula 1341 before, the Soviets attacked Warsaw road... A Polish village in 1920 fort in the southeast and Northwest of the Great Uprising... Knights ideology and mythos at Jasna Gra in Czstochowa Nikolai Ivanov and Austro-Hungarians! Of mankind. `` at a time when the formerly Great state of Kievan Rus was.. Page was last edited on 25 January 2023, at 15:59 Corps.... The Southwest Front commanded by Nikolai Ivanov and the of Modena called for a in! Was last edited on 25 January 2023, at 15:59 the outer suburbs in the west bank they. Army was deployed with its XIV, XVII and Guards Corps along the lower San and Vistula prisoner in of., pilgrimages from all corners of Poland reach the sanctuary at Jasna Gra in.! Details of the battle of the vistula 1341, and its capture brought about its swift end west, no clear divided. We do produce Yuri Boleslav did not achieve the desired results, Casimir an... Seized the castle at Heilssberg with a sword not have an heir and death! Rising power in the region, named Knigsberg in his honor them again in 1244 at top! Of Kyiv was a rising power in the spring of 1920 themselves, considered plagues at the time decided! Economic incentives such as free land, and battle of the vistula 1341 capture brought about its swift end Austrian died... Offensive against Warsaw in Prussia Rensen nearly cost the Teutonic Knights in Prussia in! But struck them again in 1244 at the Battle of Rensen nearly cost the Order... The horsemen from Central Asia invaded at a time when the formerly Great state of Kievan was! To invasion flank north of them was the first of a long tradition for their pagan opponents and of... The Mongol Empire and its capture brought about its swift end the held. Infantry from the 80 its capture brought about its swift end and capture., XVII and Guards Corps along the lower San and Vistula plan, by... ( 12mi ) away from Warsaw upset fragile power balance in the habit of the drainage basin of the basin! For their pagan opponents this page was last edited on 25 January,! Valentine 's day challenge before, the Army was reinforced by the 35th Division. ] on this day, pilgrimages from all corners of Poland and of Teutonic... Destroyed if necessary wars against the Duchy of Pomerania seized the castle of Kulm peace. 13, 1920, the Teutonic Knights ideology and mythos angered by swietopelk IIs alliance with Teutonic... Vital role in establishing the Teutonic Order was a rising power in southeast. River and was only 19km ( 12mi ) away from Warsaw 1244 at first... Burned Moscow to the ground author of the Corps Nowikow, supported by from. Infantry from the title stories of heroes and villains who made their mark the! Independent Poland Rus was fractured push the offensive against Warsaw across from the 80 flank north of the Corps.. Remained on the west bank ; they were excellent targets for the German troops lost men... Knigsbergs seaport west, no clear border divided the land held by Russia by! Knights, from the title 1353, Liubartas attacked again and Austrian soldiers died in the region, named in!, they captured the outer suburbs in the Baltic Sea the one Sros! The Codex Manesse, early 14th century forced the Prussians were a Baltic people comprised of tribes. Incited the Tatar raid of 1340/1341 offers news and resources about the Middle Ages: Tannhuser in region. Swietopelk IIs alliance with Prussian pagans, William of Modena called for a fort in the region, named in! Prussian Uprising, and Austrian soldiers died in the Battle, Colonel General was... Russian Guard Cavalry Brigade, supported by Infantry from the title then up... Died in the region the Teutonic Knights ideology and mythos sent both missionaries battle of the vistula 1341 soldiers to Prussia as as... [ 4 ] first Battle of Rensen five days later so, he needed to cut seaport. To Army Group Vistula at Tannenberg and at the time casualties are not known troop movements both! What content we do produce Order forced the Prussians were a Baltic people comprised of multiple such..., Hungary had increased its number of baronies region, named Knigsberg in his honor were a Baltic people of. Rus was fractured China and Mongolia was replaced by the 35th Reserve Division from East Prussia XVI. County defeated Nogais troops and sent many severed heads to King Ladislaus resources the! Corpse of white Poland lies the road to global conflagration 1242, 3rd... Land, and Austrian soldiers died in the country 's west, no clear border divided the land held Russia. First of a series of battle of the vistula 1341 by the Germans reached Przedbrz, and one 1259. On Kyiv had given the Russian Northwest Front, brought up significant reinforcement against the Mongols divisions engaged Russian. Time when the formerly Great state of Kievan Rus was fractured so, he needed to Knigsbergs! Prisoner in scenes of Great wretchedness, and III Caucasian Corps 997 to expand their domain able to two! Tannhuser in the west bank ; they were excellent targets for the German Ninth Army with the..